Vilcain

-	-	-
Product Group	:	Clinical Products
Pharmaceutical Form	:	Solution for Injection
Active Ingredient	:	Lidocaine hydrochloride, Adrenalin
Target Animal	:	Horse, Dog, Cat
Package Form	:	In 20, 50 and 100 ml glass vials

Composition - Pharmacological Properties
Indications – Usage
Undesirable Effects – Warnings

COMPOSITION

Vilcain is a colorless, clear, sterile, ready-to-use solution containing 20 mg Lidocaine HCl and 0.01 mg Adrenaline per ml.

PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Vilcain is a widely used local anesthetic in veterinary practice. Lidocaine HCl, an amide-group strong local anesthetic, also acts as an antiarrhythmic agent. It provides effective surface anesthesia, is rapidly absorbed from tissues, does not cause irritation, and induces stronger, faster, and longer-lasting anesthesia compared to other local anesthetics.

Anesthesia begins 5 minutes after injection and lasts for 3 hours. It is readily absorbed from the injection site and binds to plasma proteins at a rate of 70%. It easily crosses the placenta. Compared to other organs, it may be found in high concentrations in the fetal liver, heart, and brain. Adrenaline is a substance that is also synthesized in the living body and has adrenergic effects. It is metabolized in the body by the enzymes MAO and COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase). Adrenaline prolongs the duration of action of lidocaine through its vasoconstrictive effect.

Lidocaine has a half-life of 1.6 hours. It is excreted via the kidneys as 90% metabolites and 10% unchanged drug. Adrenaline metabolites are excreted in the urine.

AREA OF USE / INDICATIONS

It is used to provide local anesthesia before gynecological procedures such as dystocia, cesarean section, uterine prolapse, and before operations such as castration and tail amputation, as well as after trauma in horses, cats, and dogs. It is also used for infiltration, nerve block anesthesia, epidural, and regional anesthesia. It is also a suitable anesthetic for the superficial anesthesia of the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and throa.

USAGE AND DOSAGE

Administered subcutaneously, via nerve block, or epidural route.

Infiltration anesthesia

Horse	20-50 ml (max: 150-200 ml)
Cat and Dog	2-5 ml (max: 5 ml for cat, 30 ml for dog)

Nerve block anesthesia

Horse

2-15 ml (max: 30 ml)

Epidural anesthesia

Horse	5-20 ml
Cat and Dog	1-5 ml

Asepsis and antisepsis should always be observed during administration.

SPECIAL CLINICAL INFORMATION AND SPECIAL WARNINGS FOR TARGET SPECIES

Dosage should be adjusted according to the anesthetic technique used, desired depth and duration of anesthesia, vascularization of the injection site, and the individual animal’s response.

Avoid intravenous administration; always aspirate before injection to confirm the needle is not in a blood vessel.

Use with caution in cases of acidosis, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, liver disorders, severe respiratory dysfunction, hypovolemia, marked hypoxia, or shock. It should be noted that due to the vasoconstrictor agent it contains, it may cause ischemia in areas of the body with insufficient blood circulation.

In equines, use only for local and regional anesthesia. Sterile conditions must be maintained, and contamination avoided. Local antibiotic administrations are recommended at the surgical site.

ADVERSE EFFECTS

Rarely may cause hypotension.

Hypersensitivity reactions may occur in sensitive animals.

DRUG INTERACTIONS

May cause prolonged hypertension in animals treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants.

Because lidocaine slows down elimination and metabolism, caution should be exercised when using lidocaine in combination with beta-adrenergic blocking agents such as procainamide, metoprolol, or propranolol. These drugs should not be used together in animals with heart disease.

It is incompatible with amphotericin, sodium methohexitan, sulfadiazine, sodium ampicillin, and sodium cefazolin. Epinephrine-like substances prolong anesthetic effect. Morphine-like analgesics accelerate lidocaine metabolism. Do not use lidocaine with pentobarbital in dogs.

SYMPTOMS OF OVERDOSE, PRECAUTIONS AND ANTIDOTE

Overdose or accidental intravenous injection may cause ataxia, nystagmus, depression, seizures, bradycardia, and, at very high doses, circulatory collapse.

Treatment: diazepam or short-acting barbiturates (thiopental or thiamylal). Oxygen support is recommended in severe cases.

WITHDRAWAL PERIODS

It should not be used in food-producing animals.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Do not use for infiltration anesthesia in phlegmonous or necrotic tissues or fragmented wounds.

Epidural anesthesia should not be performed in cases of infections, injuries and deformations of the spinal canal.

Intravenous administration is contraindicated.

Do not exceed two maximum doses within 24 hours.

Using in Pregnancy: Not recommended in late pregnancy.

GENERAL WARNINGS

Consult a veterinarian before use and in case of unexpected reactions.

Keep out of reach of children. Only Veterinary Surgeon should be administered.

PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN BY THE ADMINISTRATOR AND WARNINGS FOR VETERINARY SURGEON

Avoid skin and eye contact. In case of contact, rinse thoroughly with water. Wash hands after use. Precautions should be taken to prevent accidental self-injection.

DISPOSAL AFTER USE AND WARNINGS FOR NON-TARGET SPECIES

Empty containers should be discarded safely and not reused for any other purpose.

STORAGE CONDITIONS AND SHELF LIFE

Store at room temperature (15–25ºC). Protect from light. Shelf life is 3 years.

COMMERCIAL PRESENTATION FORM

20 ml, 50 ml, and 100 ml glass vials, boxed.

PLACE AND CONDITIONS OF SALE

To be sold in pharmacies, veterinary clinics, polyclinics, and animal hospitals with a veterinary prescription (VPR).

APPROVAL DATE OF LEAFLET: 13.12.2004

MARKETING AUTHORIZATION DATE AND NO: 21.02.2000 – 009/0882

NAME AND ADDRESS OF MARKETING AUTHORIZATION HOLDER

VİLSAN Veteriner İlaçları Tic. ve San. A.Ş.